Europe & Central Asia · EU · OECD · NATO
Data checked 28 Oct 2026 · next scheduled check 1 Jan 2027 · UN World Population Prospects (via World Bank) released 1 Jul 2026 · Eurostat released 21 Oct 2026 · World Bank WDI released 8 Oct 2026
Total spending · 2024
49.4%
+1.7 pts since 1995
Welfare · 2024
18.3%
-0.6 pts since 1995
Healthcare · 2024
6.10%
+4.1 pts since 1995
Defence · 2024
2.90%
+0.5 pts since 1995
Education · 2024
5.60%
-0.3 pts since 1995
Debt interest · 2024
2.40%
-0.8 pts since 2001
Gross debt · 2025
59.7%
of GDP · +11 pts since 1995
Population · 2025
36.4m
-5.6% since 1995
Public-sector employment
Not available: no official public-sector employment series is loaded for Poland yet.
Welfare fell from 18.9% to 15.5% of GDP between 1995 and 2008, then rose to 18.3% by 2024.
Healthcare rose from 2.0% to 6.1% of GDP between 1995 and 2024.
Defence fell from 2.4% to 1.4% of GDP between 1995 and 1999, then rose to 2.9% by 2024.
Education fell from 5.9% to 5.6% of GDP between 1995 and 2024.
Debt interest fell from 3.2% to 1.1% of GDP between 2001 and 2021, then rose to 2.4% by 2024.
Total spending fell from 47.7% to 41.0% of GDP between 1995 and 2018, then rose to 49.4% by 2024.
Gross debt fell from 48.6% to 36.3% of GDP between 1995 and 2000, then rose to 59.7% by 2025.
Population fell from 38.6 million in 1995 to 36.4 million in 2025; the UN projects 31.4 million by 2050.